Brain Damage in Clinical Hypothyroidism in Childhood
نویسنده
چکیده
Iodine deficiency interferes with the prenatal and postnatal neurointellectual development of children through maternal, fetal and neonatal hypothyroxinemia. The purpose of this review is to provide information on clinical hypothyroidism in childhood and irreversible brain damage. We summarize the available clinical data on neurological, neuropathological and neuroimaging abnormalities due to various hypothyroid syndromes in children. This information will help us consider the possible consequences of iodine deficiency occurring during the critical period of brain development. In addition, recent advances in molecular and cell biology have led to an improved understanding of normal thyroid physiology and of the genes involved in thyroid gland development. This review will add new topics regarding the action of thyroid hormone on the early fetal stage of brain development.
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